Piel paradigm root: דִּבֵּר (to speak) — strong triliteral, denominative
With Qal reference column for comparison
| Person | Qal (ref.) | Piel (דבר) |
|---|---|---|
| 3ms | קָטַל | דִּבֵּר |
| 3fs | קָטְלָה | דִּבְּרָה |
| 2ms | קָטַלְתָּ | דִּבַּרְתָּ |
| 2fs | קָטַלְתְּ | דִּבַּרְתְּ |
| 1cs | קָטַלְתִּי | דִּבַּרְתִּי |
| 3cp | קָטְלוּ | דִּבְּרוּ |
| 2mp | קְטַלְתֶּם | דִּבַּרְתֶּם |
| 2fp | קְטַלְתֶּן | דִּבַּרְתֶּן |
| 1cp | קָטַלְנוּ | דִּבַּרְנוּ |
Key marker: Hireq (ִ) under R1 + Dagesh Forte in R2 + Tsere (ֵ) under R2 in 3ms/3fs. The dagesh in R2 is the single most reliable Piel identifier across all conjugations.
| Person | Qal (ref.) | Piel |
|---|---|---|
| 3ms | יִקְטֹל | יְדַבֵּר |
| 3fs | תִּקְטֹל | תְּדַבֵּר |
| 2ms | תִּקְטֹל | תְּדַבֵּר |
| 2fs | תִּקְטְלִי | תְּדַבְּרִי |
| 1cs | אֶקְטֹל | אֲדַבֵּר |
| 3mp | יִקְטְלוּ | יְדַבְּרוּ |
| 3fp | תִּקְטֹלְנָה | תְּדַבֵּרְנָה |
| 2mp | תִּקְטְלוּ | תְּדַבְּרוּ |
| 2fp | תִּקְטֹלְנָה | תְּדַבֵּרְנָה |
| 1cp | נִקְטֹל | נְדַבֵּר |
Key marker: Shewa under prefix + Patach under R1 + dagesh in R2 + Tsere under R2 (3ms). Prefix vowel is shewa (יְ, תְּ), except 1cs אֲ.
| Person | Piel |
|---|---|
| 3ms | וַיְדַבֵּר |
| 3fs | וַתְּדַבֵּר |
| 3mp | וַיְדַבְּרוּ |
| 1cs | וָאֲדַבֵּר |
| 1cp | וַנְּדַבֵּר |
Key marker: וַיְ prefix (patach + shewa). Contrast Qal וַיִּ and Hiphil וַיַּ — the shewa under the prefix consonant is diagnostic of the Piel.
| Person | Piel |
|---|---|
| 3ms | וְדִבֶּר |
| 3fs | וְדִבְּרָה |
| 2ms | וְדִבַּרְתָּ |
| 1cs | וְדִבַּרְתִּי |
| 3cp | וְדִבְּרוּ |
Key marker: וְ + Perfect form. Follows Perfect inflection exactly.
| Form | Piel |
|---|---|
| 2ms | דַּבֵּר |
| 2fs | דַּבְּרִי |
| 2mp | דַּבְּרוּ |
| 2fp | דַּבֵּרְנָה |
Key marker: Patach (ַ) under R1 + Dagesh Forte in R2 + Tsere under R2 (2ms). Form is identical to the Infinitive Construct — context and prefixed prepositions distinguish them.
| Form | Piel | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Base | דַּבֵּר | identical to Imperative 2ms |
| + לְ | לְדַבֵּר | |
| + בְּ | בְּדַבֵּר | temporal: "when speaking" |
Key marker: Patach under R1 + dagesh in R2 + Tsere. Prepositions (לְ, בְּ, כְּ) almost always signal the Inf. Construct rather than the Imperative.
| Form | Piel |
|---|---|
| Standard | דַּבֵּר |
Key marker: Same form as Imperative/Inf. Construct. Used in cognate constructions: דַּבֵּר יְדַבֵּר "he will certainly speak."
| Form | Piel |
|---|---|
| ms | מְדַבֵּר |
| fs | מְדַבֶּרֶת |
| mp | מְדַבְּרִים |
| fp | מְדַבְּרוֹת |
Key marker: מְ prefix + Patach under R1 + dagesh in R2 + Tsere under R2 (ms). The מְ prefix is shared with the Hiphil participle — the dagesh in R2 distinguishes Piel from Hiphil (no dagesh in Hiphil R2).
| Conjugation | Qal marker | Piel marker |
|---|---|---|
| Perfect 3ms | קָטַל | דִּ + dagesh + Tsere |
| Imperfect 3ms | יִקְטֹל (no dagesh in R2) | יְ + Patach + dagesh + Tsere |
| Wayyiqtol | וַיִּ prefix | וַיְ prefix |
| Weqatal | וְקָ | וְדִ |
| Imperative 2ms | no prefix | דַּ + dagesh + Tsere |
| Inf. Construct | קְטֹל | דַּבֵּר |
| Inf. Absolute | קָטוֹל | דַּבֵּר |
| Participle ms | קֹטֵל | מְדַבֵּר |
The single most reliable Piel identifier: Dagesh Forte in R2 (the middle root consonant).